Mercurial > hg > anonet-resdb
annotate doc/www.anonet2.org/public_pod/faq.pod @ 357:2f379a0b6461 draft
Revert "Added git path (Atiti)"
This reverts commit c964d8bbde489b54db02be6e399d9ab364265765.
Setting configure to force bash is inappropriate. configure can use any
shell with korn or compatible features, and on most systems /bin/sh points
to such a shell. Ubutnu breaks compatibility by changing /bin/sh to dash.
The solution is to fix Ubuntu, not to break the configure script.
| author | Nick <nick@somerandomnick.ano> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 12 Jan 2011 07:20:11 +0000 |
| parents | bf59001028f4 |
| children | 7ad8b0d24cd1 |
| rev | line source |
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| 54 | 1 =head1 AnoNet2 FAQ |
| 2 | |
| 3 Back to homepage - L<http://www.anonet2.org/> | |
| 4 | |
| 5 =head2 Resources | |
| 6 | |
| 7 =over | |
| 8 | |
| 9 =item Why do you use 1.0.0.0/8? It's been assigned to APNIC. You should use private (RFC1918) address space like 10.0.0.0/8. | |
| 10 | |
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11 AnoNet is a public internet, and as such it should use public address |
| 57 | 12 space. ICANN (a private corporation) controls the public resources on |
| 13 the IcannNet (a.k.a. the "public" Internet), and has delegated 1.0.0.0/8 | |
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14 on the IcannNet to APNIC. AnoNet is a separate public internet, that |
| 57 | 15 doesn't answer to ICANN (nor to anybody else, for that matter). Now, |
| 16 that said, when AnoNet started using 1.0.0.0/8 it was reserved (i.e., | |
| 17 not to be allocated), but because of ICANN's mismanagement of the IPv4 | |
| 18 address space (which is why nearly all 4 billion addresses have already | |
| 19 been assigned, in a world with only 6 billion total people, including all | |
| 20 the starving babies in Africa who don't even know yet what a computer is), | |
| 21 ICANN had to take 1.0.0.0/8 out of its "reserved" pool and to put it into | |
| 22 the "assignable" pool. AnoNet has no control over ICANN policy, so while | |
| 23 AnoNet did attempt to avoid directly conflicting with IcannNet addresses, | |
| 24 ICANN ultimately made sure that attempt would fail. (If you'd like to | |
| 25 connect to an internet with address space that's still in the ICANN | |
| 26 "reserved" pool, you may want to try VAnet.) Using private address | |
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27 space is inappropriate for a public internet, per RFC1918. (If you'd |
| 57 | 28 like to connect to an internet that uses private address space anyway, |
| 29 you may want to try dn42 at L<http://www.dn42.net/>.) | |
| 54 | 30 |
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31 =item You should register 1.0.0.0/8, before you use it. |
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32 |
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33 By the same logic, ICANN should register 0.0.0.0/0, before it uses it. |
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34 ICANN claims divine authority over 0.0.0.0/8, and allows people to use |
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35 parts of it if they meet certain conditions set by the IETF and ICANN. |
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36 The IETF conditions are reasonable if you don't assume that Internet |
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37 is owned by ICANN. The ICANN conditions, on the other hand, are highly |
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38 unfair and actively hurt people who want their freedom (by requiring them |
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39 to give up their anonymity, to sign a restrictive agreement, and to have a |
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40 relationship with a regulated company with its own restrictive agreement). |
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41 Therefore, ICANN is not a suitable government for a free internet. |
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42 The AnoNet1 government claims "trust us instead," but AnoNet2 doesn't |
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43 require you to trust anybody. That's the only way for you to guarantee |
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44 that AnoNet will never mismanage IP space the same way that ICANN does. |
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45 |
| 115 | 46 =item ICANN isn't mismanaging the IPv4-space. IcannNet usage is just exploding faster than anybody ever predicted. |
| 47 | |
| 48 L<http://www.networkworld.com/news/2010/081610-5billion-devices-internet.html> | |
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49 claims that the IcannNet only has about 5 billion total devices, of |
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50 which only about 1 billion "regularly connect" (PCs, laptops, etc.). |
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51 There are plenty of possible addressing schemes that could accomodate a |
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52 billion "regularly connecting" devices with an address space quadruple |
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53 the size (even without NAT, if you want). ICANN clearly isn't using |
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54 any of them. By any sane technical definition, that would certainly |
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55 qualify as "mismanagement." |
| 115 | 56 |
| 54 | 57 =item If you use 1.0.0.0/8, you're squatting on somebody else's resources. |
| 58 | |
| 57 | 59 If you use 1.0.0.0/8 on the IcannNet, then your statement is correct, |
| 58 | 60 but AnoNet and IcannNet are two totally separate public internets, |
| 57 | 61 so it's ridiculous to accuse a participant in one to be squatting |
| 62 on resources on the other. ICANN has no divine right to 1.0.0.0/8 | |
| 63 (nor to any other netblock, for that matter) outside the IcannNet. | |
| 64 Moreover, using 10.0.0.0/8 I<would> be squatting on private address | |
| 65 space (address space that's reserved for your own home network), | |
| 66 per RFC1918. (While AnoNet couldn't care less about ICANN, we do use | |
| 67 the IETF protocols (with s/IcannNet/AnoNet/), so if the IETF says that | |
| 68 10.0.0.0/8 is reserved for your own home network, far be it from us to | |
| 69 steal it for some "public" network.) | |
| 54 | 70 |
| 71 =item AnoNet runs on the IcannNet. Therefore, you _are_ squatting. | |
| 72 | |
| 57 | 73 That last accusation has no logical basis. Just because most AnoNet |
| 74 links are tunneled over the IcannNet doesn't give ICANN a right to rule | |
| 115 | 75 the content of those tunnels. (In almost exactly the same way, just |
| 76 because most IcannNet links move over telecom equipment doesn't give the | |
| 77 ITU a right to rule the content of those links.) In fact, ICANN itself | |
| 78 will happily confirm that it has neither authority nor ambition to rule | |
| 79 the content of IcannNet communications between endpoints, inclusive of | |
| 80 AnoNet tunnels. Therefore, even if you buy the logical validity of your | |
| 81 claim, ICANN will still shoot it down. | |
| 54 | 82 |
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83 =item Okay, you're not squatting, but now that 1.0.0.0/8 is being actively used on IcannNet, you should move to 10.0.0.0/8 to avoid conflicts. |
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84 |
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85 AnoNet is under no obligation to shrink its address space just because IcannNet decided to create a conflict. Also, moving to 10.0.0.0/8 will create more conflicts than staying in 1.0.0.0/8 (since 10.0.0.0/8 is far more congested than 1.0.0.0/8 will ever be). |
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86 |
| 54 | 87 =item You should move to IPv6, then. |
| 88 | |
| 115 | 89 That's not the only logical conclusion, based on the above. However, AnoNet has no rules, so you're more than welcome to move to IPv6, and/or to try to convince others to do the same. As long as you don't start out with unrealistic expectations, you probably won't be disappointed with the results of your preaching effort. [Update: It appears that IPv6 may have some deployment on AnoNet, now. (Maybe somebody read the above as a challenge and decided to run with it.) Perhaps the guys using it will fill in some details here.] |
| 54 | 90 |
| 91 =back | |
| 92 | |
| 93 =head2 Peering | |
| 94 | |
| 95 =over | |
| 96 | |
| 97 =item What is peering all about? | |
| 98 | |
| 187 | 99 AnoNet is an internet. An internet means an internetwork, or a |
| 100 network that connects between networks. An internetwork is normally | |
| 101 constructed by making links between the different networks, and then | |
| 102 carrying internetwork traffic along those links. (If network A has | |
| 103 a link to network B, then traffic from A to B or from B to A should | |
| 104 probably pass through that link.) Such a link is called a "peering," | |
| 105 and the two sides of that link are called "peers." On the IcannNet, | |
| 106 peerings are normally done over leased lines, but due to the nature of | |
| 107 AnoNet, using leased lines isn't much of an option for most peerings. | |
| 108 Therefore, most peerings are done over tunnels on the IcannNet. | |
| 109 The most common software for AnoNet tunnels is OpenVPN, although | |
| 110 tinc and L<quicktun|http://wiki.qontrol.nl/QuickTun> are also used. | |
| 57 | 111 (tinc in particular deserves special attention: it can create a mesh |
| 112 between participants, sacrificing anonymity to achieve lower latency.) | |
| 54 | 113 |
| 114 =item Whom should I peer with? | |
| 115 | |
| 57 | 116 If you want to protect your anonymity, you'll want to peer with only |
| 117 a few others. If you're more interested in getting good latency, | |
| 118 you'll want a more promiscuous peering policy. Your peers are able to | |
| 119 access certain information (like your IP) that isn't easy for others | |
| 120 to access, so the harm in having too many peers is that the secrecy of | |
| 121 that information is protected by the "weakest" link. (The greater the | |
| 122 number of people who know a secret, the greater the number of people | |
| 123 who are likely to hear about it within a given time interval.) | |
| 54 | 124 |
| 125 =item How can I talk to the rest of AnoNet, if I'm only peered with a few others? | |
| 126 | |
| 57 | 127 How can you talk to Google, if you're only hooked up to your local ISP? |
| 128 The answer is that your ISP offers you "transit" to its peers, which | |
| 129 in turn offer your ISP transit to their peers, etc. (If network A is | |
| 130 connected to network B, which itself is connected to network C, then | |
| 131 with B's permission network A can talk to network C.) On AnoNet, most | |
| 132 peerings have BGP sessions managing the routing tables on both sides, | |
| 133 in order to provide mutual transit. (On AnoNet, providing transit is | |
| 134 an advantage, since it improves your own anonymity.) | |
| 54 | 135 |
| 136 =item Won't providing transit slow down my Internet connection? | |
| 137 | |
| 57 | 138 If you're the preferred transit provider between two guys who feel |
| 139 like streaming a whole ton of real-time studio-quality video back and | |
| 140 forth all day, that can certainly slow down (to put it mildly) your | |
| 141 dial-up connection. In reality, most traffic on AnoNet is plain text, | |
| 142 so you probably don't have too much to worry about, especially if you | |
| 143 have some sort of broadband connection. That said, if it ever _does_ | |
| 144 become an issue, all you have to do is stop providing transit (although | |
| 145 the particular case above is unlikely to persist even if you do nothing | |
| 146 at all, since the two streaming guys will quickly figure out that going | |
| 147 through you won't get them anywhere, and they'll most likely seek another | |
| 148 transit provider - or even just peer with each other directly), or use | |
| 149 simple BGP tricks to make transit through you less attractive to some | |
| 150 or all of the AnoNet. | |
| 54 | 151 |
| 152 =back | |
| 153 | |
| 154 =head2 DNS | |
| 155 | |
| 156 =over | |
| 157 | |
| 158 =item How is DNS handled on AnoNet? | |
| 159 | |
| 57 | 160 AnoNet has a number of TLDs (Top-Level Domains), the most interesting |
| 161 one being .ano. The entire zone is public (unlike, say, the .com zone | |
| 162 on the IcannNet), so you can easily deploy your own TLD nameservers. | |
| 163 In fact, the git resdb already includes scripts to generate both | |
| 164 tinydns and BIND zonefiles automatically. That said, SRN has public | |
| 165 root and TLD nameservers, if you don't feel like setting up your own. | |
| 166 SRN also has a public recursive resolver (which also resolves IcannNet | |
| 167 names), which you can use if you can't even be bothered to set up your | |
| 168 own recursive resolver. Please note that you're telling SRN about all | |
| 169 hostnames that you lookup if you do this. (Right now, you're probably | |
| 170 telling your ISP the same information, BTW.) | |
| 54 | 171 |
| 172 =item I want my own domain. How can I set it up? | |
| 173 | |
| 57 | 174 You have a number of options, depending on (a) your current |
| 175 infrastructure, and (b) your interest/ability to deploy additional | |
| 176 infrastructure. The resource database is just a whole bunch of | |
| 177 directories/files stored in a git repository, so adding a domain into | |
| 178 "AnoNet" essentially boils down to adding the right files/directories into | |
| 179 everybody's git repository. (Fortunately, most guys send and receive | |
| 180 updates among themselves on a regular basis, so your new domain should | |
| 181 "propagate" around rather quickly, once it's made its way into one | |
| 182 repository.) If you have git, you can "git clone" the repository from | |
| 183 someone, add your domain (there's a small script to make the job easy, | |
| 184 if you don't want to do it by hand), and then send someone a diff. | |
| 185 If you feel like setting up your own git server, then all you have to | |
| 186 do is make the changes on your own repo, and then tell somebody the URL | |
| 187 to your git server. You'll probably want to take advantage of the same | |
| 188 opportunity to add your own git URL into the resource database, so others | |
| 189 can pull from you on a regular basis. If you don't have git and don't | |
| 190 feel like setting it up, all you have to do is find someone else who | |
| 191 does have git (or feels like setting it up), and doesn't mind making | |
| 192 the changes for you. SRN is always such a "someone." Next, you'll | |
| 193 want to set up your nameservers to resolve names within your domain. | |
| 194 If you have tinydns or BIND, just read the relevant documentation. | |
| 195 If you don't have a nameserver and don't feel like setting one up, tell | |
| 196 SRN what names you want (like "www.yourdomain.ano," "ftp.yourdomain.ano," | |
| 197 etc.), and he'll add them into his own nameservers. | |
| 54 | 198 |
| 199 =item What can I do with my own domain? | |
| 200 | |
| 57 | 201 You can host Web pages, an FTP site, IRC, email, an online shop (but |
| 115 | 202 taking payments may not be so simple), or anything else that strikes |
| 57 | 203 your fancy. |
| 54 | 204 |
| 205 =back | |
| 206 | |
| 207 =head2 Censorship | |
| 208 | |
| 209 =over | |
| 210 | |
| 211 =item Is it safe to speak my mind on AnoNet? | |
| 212 | |
| 57 | 213 The short answer is "probably." The long answer is that nobody has |
| 214 ever been censored on AnoNet2, a fact that's not likely to change. | |
| 215 (If that fact ever does change, it'll be noted here as soon as possible.) | |
| 54 | 216 |
| 217 =item Will I be censored for child porn? | |
| 218 | |
| 57 | 219 AnoNet1 has an official policy against CP, and it redefines "censorship" |
| 220 to not include censoring CP. AnoNet2 has no policies. That said, | |
| 221 you're not likely to find any CP here, since that's simply not a common | |
| 222 contribution to AnoNet2. (Whether or not it'd be a welcome contribution | |
| 223 is something you'll want to take up with individual participants. | |
| 224 SRN would like you to know that he believes the CP (and porn, in general) | |
| 225 industry destroys the world for no useful purpose. Nobody else has | |
| 226 voiced an opinion here.) | |
| 54 | 227 |
| 228 =item Will I be censored for hateful speech? | |
| 229 | |
| 57 | 230 It depends on the forum. If you do it on your own server, don't expect |
| 231 too many people to hang around there if you make a practice of making | |
| 232 it unpleasant for them to be there. If you start cursing people out on | |
| 233 somebody else's IRC server for no apparent reason, there's a non-trivial | |
| 234 chance that the operator will /kill your connection. SRN encourages | |
| 235 you to set up your own channel on irc.somerandomnick.ano, and to say | |
| 236 whatever the heck you want there. | |
| 54 | 237 |
| 238 =item Will I be censored for trolling? | |
| 239 | |
| 57 | 240 Since "trolling" is an overly ambiguous term, it's highly unlikely that |
| 241 you'll ever get /kicked or /killed for doing it. In fact, SRN encourages | |
| 242 you to see if you can out-troll him on irc.somerandomnick.ano. That said, | |
| 243 you should certainly expect people to /ignore you if you make a practice | |
| 244 of saying stuff that people really don't want to hear. (You may want to | |
| 245 create a separate IRC nick for trolling, if you anticipate trolling a lot, | |
| 246 but want people to still hear you when you have something interesting | |
| 247 to say: this way, everybody wins.) | |
| 54 | 248 |
| 249 =item Will I be censored for spreading lies? | |
| 250 | |
| 57 | 251 not likely, but people may /ignore you if you make a practice of saying |
| 252 stuff that people don't consider worth hearing | |
| 54 | 253 |
| 254 =back | |
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255 |
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256 =head2 AnoNet1 vs. AnoNet2 |
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257 |
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258 =over |
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259 |
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260 =item Why does AnoNet2 exist? What's wrong with AnoNet1? |
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261 |
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262 There used to be only one AnoNet. Unfortunately, a few bad apples (who |
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263 happen to be the guys who control AnoNet1) split AnoNet by forcing a part |
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264 of AnoNet to become disconnected from the rest of AnoNet. That piece |
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265 (AnoNet2) has been steadily growing, while "the rest" (AnoNet1) has been |
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266 slowly decaying. |
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267 |
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268 =item Is AnoNet1 dead, then? |
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269 |
| 286 | 270 AnoNet1 isn't dead yet. It's currently about the same size as AnoNet2. |
| 271 However, AnoNet2 has more services online, and AnoNet2 is still growing, | |
| 272 while AnoNet1 is getting smaller. | |
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273 |
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274 =item What's the difference between AnoNet1 and AnoNet2, then? |
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275 |
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276 AnoNet2 lost peering with AnoNet1 because AnoNet1 is too centralized |
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277 to avoid censorship. AnoNet2, therefore, is essentially a reboot of |
| 115 | 278 AnoNet1, while paying careful attention to preventing another AnoNet split |
| 279 from ever being necessary. (The irony, of course, is that the level of | |
| 280 decentralization engineered into AnoNet2 makes it trivial for anyone in | |
| 281 AnoNet2 to split it. Such a split doesn't happen simply because "the | |
| 282 management" hasn't done anything stupid enough to make one necessary.) | |
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283 |
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284 =item Who's "the management" in AnoNet2? What prevents it from becoming evil when AnoNet2 grows closer to the size of AnoNet1? |
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285 |
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286 AnoNet2 (like AnoNet1) has no official government. Unlike AnoNet1, |
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287 though, AnoNet2's technical construction is such that the unofficial |
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288 government members (primarily UFO and SRN, at this point) don't have |
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289 enough power to force their way (not to mention that they don't really |
| 331 | 290 _want_ to force their way, anyway). A recent practical example of this |
| 291 anarchy is IPv6: SRN has made no secret of his strong opposition to IPv6, | |
| 292 but that didn't stop an enterprising new AnoNet2 user from deploying | |
| 293 it himself and connecting with others, even after "the management" | |
| 294 (both UFO and SRN) flatly refused to participate. | |
| 295 | |
| 296 Update: The IPv6 version of AnoNet2 now has 4 members, and lex is | |
| 297 providing data to feed SRN's new IPv6 graphs, which are only reachable | |
| 298 over IPv4. (After lex grew the network to 3, UFO joined.) | |
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299 |
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300 =item Why don't AnoNet1 and AnoNet2 merge again? |
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301 |
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302 The short answer is that a number of people have tried to do just that, |
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303 but AnoNet1 has adopted an exclusionary policy towards AnoNet2, for some |
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304 unspecified reason. You get bonus points if you can figure out what that |
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305 reason is. (AnoNet2 has been very careful to avoid collisions in resource |
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306 allocations with AnoNet1, even though AnoNet1 has deliberately removed |
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307 its own record of AnoNet2 resources in a recent "cleanup" of the DNS. |
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308 If AnoNet1 ever decides to reconnect with AnoNet2, no technical problems |
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309 should result.) |
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310 |
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311 =item Why does AnoNet2 filter advertisements to AnoNet1? Doesn't that prevent the two darknets from ever merging again? |
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312 |
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313 AnoNet1 has deemed the filters necessary, for some unspecified reason. |
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314 (Advertising AnoNet2 routes on AnoNet1 is a great way to get yourself |
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315 kicked from AnoNet1.) Again, you get bonus points if you can figure out |
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316 what that reason is. (Hint: crzydmnd and risc likely know the reason, |
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317 but good luck getting them to spill the beans. Censoring the question |
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318 seems to be their favorite "answer.") Suffice it to say that if AnoNet1 |
| 286 | 319 wanted to merge with AnoNet2, nobody on AnoNet2 is likely to object. |
| 320 | |
| 331 | 321 Update: AnoNet1 and AnoNet2 now have full routing again, but some AnoNet1 |
| 322 members still filter most AnoNet2 routes locally (and for downstream | |
| 323 peers). The "official" AnoNet1 wiki, for example, is unreachable from | |
| 324 most of AnoNet2. | |
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325 |
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326 =item Do I have to choose between AnoNet1 and AnoNet2, or is there a way to join both? |
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327 |
| 331 | 328 On the IP level, when you join one you automatically join the other. |
| 329 The easiest way to claim resources is with the AnoNet2 resdb. It is | |
| 330 the only complete database of AnoNet resources, and it is the only | |
| 331 decentralized resource database. You can join IRC on AnoNet1 or AnoNet2 | |
| 332 or both (but crzydmnd and risc kick people from AnoNet1 IRC, apparently | |
| 333 for fun). You can contribute to the AnoNet1 wiki or the AnoNet2 wikis, | |
| 334 or you can make your own. | |
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335 |
| 331 | 336 =item If the two parts of AnoNet are connected again, why are they still being advertized separately? |
| 337 | |
| 338 Currently, there is still a single point of failure connecting AnoNet1 | |
| 339 and AnoNet2 at the IP level. In addition, AnoNet1 and AnoNet2 still | |
| 340 have completely separate governments. (AnoNet1 has a government, while | |
| 341 AnoNet2 doesn't.) | |
| 286 | 342 |
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343 =item Which darknet preserves my anonymity better, AnoNet1 or AnoNet2? |
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344 |
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345 Well, AnoNet1 has stricter rules (and more centralization, as a |
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346 prerequisite to rule enforcement), so as long as you trust "the powers |
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347 that be" to preserve your anonymity, you get better anonymity guarantees. |
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348 However, your anonymity faces significant risk if any member of the |
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349 AnoNet1 "government" (which doesn't even admit who's who) betrays your |
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350 trust. (That risk isn't so far-fetched, incidentally, since any type |
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351 of law enforcement "sting-type" operation against one of those guys is |
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352 likely to compromise his guarantees, even through no malice on his part. |
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353 Now, since malice has already been observed, the guarantees become even |
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354 less reliable.) The AnoNet2 rules have more room for flexibility, |
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355 since centralized police authority is not available on AnoNet2. |
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356 Therefore, your anonymity guarantees are somewhat weaker, but far more |
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357 likely to be reliable. You also have better theoretical anonymity on |
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358 AnoNet2, because marking a subnet "reserved" on AnoNet1 no longer works. |
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359 ("The management" is too nosy, and threatens disconnection against anyone |
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360 who doesn't provide requested information.) |
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361 |
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362 =item Where, then, am I more anonymous? |
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363 |
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364 In the real world, AnoNet2 anonymity wins, hands down. (On AnoNet1, |
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365 any Easystreet network administrator can easily correlate IcannNet IP |
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366 addresses with CP IP addresses and IRC nicks, allowing him to reliably |
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367 learn the identity of all new AnoNet1 members. AnoNet2 has many different |
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368 ways of joining, including one rather interesting tor-based approach |
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369 recently demonstrated, where the user never showed his IcannNet IP |
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370 address to anyone on AnoNet2.) |
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371 |
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372 =item How can I learn more about AnoNet1 vs. AnoNet2? |
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373 |
| 115 | 374 L<http://www.anonet2.org/darknet_comparison> gives a basic comparison. |
| 375 If you want more in-depth information about the relative anonymity value | |
| 376 of each, L<http://www.anonet2.org/anonymity> may be what you're after. | |
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377 |
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378 =back |
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379 |
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380 =head2 AnoNet vs. IcannNet |
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381 |
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382 =over |
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383 |
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384 =item What's IcannNet??? |
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385 |
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386 IcannNet is the internet (mis)managed by ICANN. It's what most people |
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387 call "the" Internet. |
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388 |
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389 =item What's wrong with IcannNet? |
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390 |
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391 The short answer is that ICANN is very highly centralized, resulting |
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392 in centralized decision-making (and centralized lobbying, arm-twisting, |
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393 etc.). |
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394 |
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395 =item Does AnoNet really aim to replace IcannNet? |
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396 |
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397 Yes, the long-term goal behind AnoNet is to render IcannNet obsolete. |
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398 In the short-term, though, it'd be highly unlikely for IcannNet to |
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399 disappear even in the hypothetical case where everyone were to move to |
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400 AnoNet tomorrow, since the overwhelming majority of AnoNet peering is |
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401 tunneled over IcannNet. |
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402 |
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403 =back |